As energy issues become more prominent, the application and promotion of renewable energy sources is seen as an important way out. Currently, energy storage technology is a hot topic in the field as it can apply technologies such as metal batteries, supercapacitors and flow batteries together with renewable energy.
As the most important component in energy storage system (ESS), the role of batteries is crucial, especially when applied to power systems that can use electrical energy more efficiently. Among battery storage system design, battery management system (BMS) acts as the brain and guardian, ensuring the safety, efficiency, and longevity of the entire system. In this article, we'll delve into the significance of BMS in ESS and explore its multifaceted functions that make it a critical component for the success of any energy storage endeavor.
Understanding BMS in ESS:
BMS is a subsystem used to manage the battery storage system, it monitors parameters such as battery charging and discharging, temperature, voltage, SOC (State of Charge), SOH (State of Health), and protection measures. The main purposes of the BMS are: firstly, to monitor the battery status in order to detect abnormalities in time and take appropriate action; secondly, to control the charging and discharging process to ensure that the battery is charged and discharged within a safe range and to minimize damage and ageing; at the same time, it is necessary to perform battery equalization, i.e., maintain the consistency of the performance of the battery by adjusting the difference in charge between each individual in the battery pack; in addition, the energy storage BMS also needs to be equipped with communication functions to allow operations such as data interaction and remote control with other systems.
The Multifaceted Functions of BMS:
1. Monitoring and controlling the state of the battery: The energy storage BMS can monitor battery parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, SOC and SOH, as well as other information about the battery. It does this by using sensors to collect battery data.
2. SOC (State of Charge) equalization: During the use of battery packs, there is often an imbalance in the SOC of the batteries, which causes the performance of the battery pack to degrade or even lead to battery failure. The Energy Storage BMS can solve this problem by using battery equalization technology, i.e., controlling the discharge and charge between the batteries so that the SOC of each battery cell remains the same. Equalization depends on whether battery energy is dissipated or transferred between batteries and can be divided into two modes: passive equalization and active equalization.
3. Preventing overcharging or overdischarging: Overcharging or overdischarging batteries is a problem that is likely to occur with a battery pack, it will reduce the capacity of the battery pack or even render it unusable. So, the energy storage BMS is used to control the battery voltage during charging to ensure the real-time status of the battery and to stop charging when the battery has reached its maximum capacity.
4. Ensure remote monitoring and alarming of the system: The energy storage BMS can transmit data through wireless network and other means and send real-time data to the monitoring terminal, and at the same time, it can send fault detection and alarm information periodically according to the system settings. The BMS also supports flexible reporting and analysis tools that can generate historical data and event records of the battery and system to support data monitoring and fault diagnosis.
5. Provide multiple protection functions: The energy storage BMS can provide a variety of protection functions to prevent problems such as battery short-circuiting and over-current, and to ensure safe communication between battery components. At the same time, it can also detect and handle accidents such as unit failure and single point failure.
6. Control of battery temperature: Battery temperature is one of the most important factors affecting battery performance and life. The energy storage BMS can monitor the battery temperature and take effective measures to control the battery temperature to prevent the temperature from being too high or too low to cause damage to the battery.
In essence, an energy storage BMS acts as the brain and guardian of an energy storage system. It can provide comprehensive monitoring and control of battery storage systems to ensure their safety, stability and performance, thus realizing the best results from the ESS. In addition, BMS can improve the lifetime and reliability of the ESS, reduce maintenance costs and operational risks, and provide a more flexible and reliable energy storage solution.
Post time: Aug-08-2023