Batteries are used to store power, in terms of applications, they are all energy storage batteries. Therefore, it can be said that all lithium batteries are energy storage batteries. In order to distinguish applications, they are divided into consumer batteries, EV batteries and energy storage batteries according to the scene. Consumer applications are in products such as mobile phones, notebook computers, digital cameras, EV batteries applied in electric vehicles, and energy storage batteries used in C&I and residential energy storage power stations.
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EV Lithium Batteries Has More Restrict Performance Requirements
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EV Lithium Batteries are of Higher Energy Density
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Energy Storage Battery Has Longer Service Life
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Energy Storage Battery Cost is Lower
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Difference on Application Scenarios
EV Lithium Batteries Has More Restrict Performance Requirements
Due to the limitation of the size and weight of the car and the requirements of starting acceleration, EV batteries have higher performance requirements than ordinary energy storage batteries. For example, the energy density should be as high as possible, the charging speed of the battery should be fast, and the discharge current should be large. The requirements for energy storage batteries are not so high. According to standards, EV batteries with a capacity of less than 80% can no longer be used in new energy vehicles, but they can also be used in energy storage systems with a little modification.
Difference on Application Scenarios
From the perspective of application scenarios, EV lithium batteries are mainly used in electric vehicles, electric bicycles and other power tools, while energy storage lithium batteries are mainly used in peak and frequency modulation power auxiliary services, renewable energy grid-connected and micro-grid fields.
EV Lithium Batteries are of Higher Energy Density
Due to different application scenarios, battery performance requirements are also different. First of all, as a mobile power source, the EV lithium battery has as high a requirement as possible for the volume (and mass) energy density under the premise of safety, in order to achieve a longer endurance. At the same time, users also hope that electric vehicles can be safely and quickly charged. Therefore, EV lithium batteries have higher requirements for energy density and power density. It is just because of safety considerations that energy-type batteries with a charge and discharge capacity of about 1C are generally used.
Most energy storage equipment is stationary, so energy storage lithium batteries have no direct requirements for energy density. As for power density, different energy storage scenarios have different requirements.
Generally, the energy storage battery needs to be continuously charged or continuously discharged for more than two hours for power peak shaving, off-grid photovoltaic energy storage, or peak-to-valley energy storage scenarios on the user side. So it is suitable to use the capacity type with a charge-discharge rate ≤0.5C battery; For energy storage scenarios where power frequency modulation or smooth renewable energy fluctuations are required, the energy storage battery needs to be quickly charged and discharged in the second to minute time period, so it is suitable for applications with ≥2C power batteries; and in some cases, it needs to undertake frequency modulation For peak shaving application scenarios, energy-type batteries are more suitable. Of course, power-type and capacity-type batteries can also be used together in this scenario.
Energy Storage Battery Has Longer Service Life
Compared with power lithium batteries, energy storage lithium batteries have higher requirements for service life. The lifespan of new energy vehicles is generally 5-8 years, while the lifespan of energy storage projects is generally expected to be greater than 10 years. The cycle life of power lithium battery is 1000-2000 times, and the cycle life of energy storage lithium battery is generally required to be greater than 5000 times.
Energy Storage Battery Cost is Lower
In terms of cost, EV batteries face competition with traditional fuel power sources, while energy storage lithium batteries need to face cost competition from traditional peak and frequency modulation technologies. In addition, the scale of energy storage power stations is basically above the megawatt level or even 100 megawatts. Therefore, the cost of energy storage lithium batteries is lower than that of power lithium batteries, and the safety requirements are also higher.
There are some other differences between EV lithium batteries and energy storage lithium batteries, but from the point of view of the cells, they are the same. Both lithium iron phosphate batteries and ternary lithium batteries can be used. The main difference lies in the BMS battery management system and the power response speed of the battery. And power characteristics, SOC estimation accuracy, charge and discharge characteristics, etc., can all be implemented on BMS.
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Post time: Aug-28-2021